A formal note · V
Endogenous fitness, evolutionary games, and stochastic lenses
Frequency-dependent selection, interacting populations, open systems, and nonlinear evolutionary dynamics in an ∞-topos.
endogenous fitness / replicator equation / Nash / stochastic lens / lumpability
Abstract
We extend stochastic memetic replication from exogenously specified fitness to endogenous, frequency-dependent evolutionary dynamics.
Let
be a cognitive semantic ∞-topos equipped with a commutative probability monad
Let denote an observer-relative semantic state object, so that a population is a probability state .
Rather than assuming a fixed fitness map , we introduce an endogenous fitness field
where is an environment object. Mutation and transmission may themselves depend on the population and environment through kernels
The induced nonlinear evolutionary operator is
Its equilibria satisfy a nonlinear eigenmeasure equation
For finite state spaces, pairwise payoff interactions recover the classical frequency-dependent replicator equation
and mutation gives the coupled mutation–selection equation.
We derive a generalized Price identity, characterize interior equilibria, prove a Lyapunov theorem for symmetric interaction matrices, extend the construction to multiple interacting populations, and formulate open evolutionary components as stochastic lenses. Memetic evolution is then not a fixed transfer operator but a nonlinear feedback system in which the population changes the fitness landscape that subsequently changes the population.
Semantic population, interaction, fitness field, replication, and then a new semantic population.
The loop is naturally expressible using stochastic lenses and open-game semantics. The exogenous theory is Note IV.
Notation
- Endogenous fitness: the value of a semantic state can depend on the whole population and the environment.
- A mutation kernel that may itself depend on the population and the environment.
- The nonlinear replicator–mutator step at population μ and environment e.
- The transfer operator frozen at (μ, e). Equilibria are its eigenmeasures.
- A payoff matrix. Frequency-dependent replicator dynamics is the weak-selection limit.
- A tuple of populations. Each population’s fitness can depend on all of them.
- A stochastic lens: a forward exposure and a backward probability kernel.
- Best-response correspondence. It is not the same map as the evolutionary update.
1Ambient semantic probability theory
Let be a cognitive ∞-site and let
Assume is equipped with a commutative probability monad . Let be a semantic state object. A population state is , and is an environment object. Expressions
are used under the standing assumption that the required internal integration theory exists.
2Endogenous fitness
Definition2.1Endogenous fitness field
An endogenous fitness field is a morphism
For a fixed population and environment , define . The reproductive value of a semantic state may depend on itself, on the complete current population , and on the environment .
Definition2.2Mean endogenous fitness
Define
We assume .
3Population-dependent mutation
The transmission law itself may depend on the population state.
Definition3.1Endogenous mutation kernel
An endogenous mutation kernel is a morphism
For fixed , write . Then is the conditional distribution of semantic descendants of under population state and environment .
4Nonlinear replicator–mutator operator
Definition4.1Endogenous selection
Define by
Definition4.2Endogenous evolutionary operator
Define
Equivalently, for an event ,
Unlike the exogenous case, is generally nonlinear in .
5Population-indexed transfer operators
For each , define by
For fixed the operator is linear in . The assignment is generally nonlinear.
Proposition5.1Projectivization at a frozen operator
The evolutionary operator satisfies
Since ,
Substitution gives the result.
Endogenous evolution remains a projectivized positive operator, but the operator itself now depends on the point being evolved.
6Nonlinear eigenmeasure equilibrium
Definition6.1Endogenous equilibrium
For a fixed environment , a population is an equilibrium if .
Theorem6.2Nonlinear eigenmeasure characterization
A population is an equilibrium if and only if
where .
By Proposition 5.1, if and only if . But that total mass equals . Hence the equilibrium equation is exactly .
The difference from the exogenous case is substantial. Previously one solved an eigenproblem for one fixed positive operator. Now one solves the self-consistent nonlinear problem
7Generalized Price identity
Let be an observable. Define
Theorem7.1Generalized Price equation
For one evolutionary step ,
By definition,
Add and subtract in the numerator:
The covariance identity
then yields the stated formula.
The two correction terms are selection covariance and transmission change. The decomposition remains valid even though fitness depends on the population.
8Pairwise interaction games
A particularly important endogenous fitness model is induced by pairwise interaction. Let
be a payoff function. For a state , population , and environment , define
This is the expected payoff obtained by when interacting with a random member of the population .
9From payoff to positive fitness
Discrete-time fitness should be positive. A canonical choice is
where is selection strength. For weak selection,
Thus additive payoff dynamics appears infinitesimally.
10Finite evolutionary game
Let and let be a payoff matrix. For a population , the payoff of type is
The population mean payoff is
11Frequency-dependent replicator equation
Assume no mutation. Under the continuous-time weak-selection limit,
Hence
This is the classical frequency-dependent replicator equation.
12Conservation theorem
Theorem12.1Invariance of the simplex
The simplex
is invariant under replicator dynamics.
Thus total mass remains 1. Moreover, if , then . Trajectories cannot cross a boundary face into negative coordinates.
13Interior equilibria
Theorem13.1Equal-payoff characterization
Let be an interior population: for every . Then is a fixed point of the pure replicator equation if and only if
At equilibrium,
Because , we must have . Conversely, if every payoff equals the mean payoff, every derivative vanishes.
Thus every semantic type appearing with positive frequency at an interior equilibrium has equal reproductive payoff.
14Relation to Nash equilibrium
For a symmetric population game, a population is a symmetric Nash equilibrium if
for every pure type , with equality for every type in the support of . Every interior replicator equilibrium satisfies the Nash condition because all pure strategies have the same payoff. Boundary replicator equilibria need not be Nash equilibria, since an absent strategy may have strictly greater payoff without affecting the instantaneous derivative of its zero frequency.
15Symmetric games and a Lyapunov function
Assume . Define .
Theorem15.1Mean-payoff monotonicity
For symmetric , along the replicator equation,
Since ,
With ,
Multiplying by 2 gives the result.
Symmetric frequency-dependent selection performs ascent on mean interaction payoff, except at states where all supported strategies have equal payoff.
16Shahshahani gradient formulation
On the interior of the simplex define the Shahshahani metric
For the potential with symmetric , the replicator vector field is the constrained gradient of under this metric:
The geometry of frequency-dependent selection is not ordinary Euclidean gradient flow but information-geometric gradient flow on the probability simplex.
17Mutation–selection games
Let be a population-dependent Markov generator satisfying for , and . The continuous-time endogenous mutation–selection dynamics is
Proposition17.1Probability conservation
The replicator contribution sums to zero by Theorem 12.1. For the mutation term,
because each row of sums to zero.
18Nonlinear Markov processes
The state-dependent mutation law turns the Markov process into a nonlinear Markov process. The transition law is no longer for one fixed , but
Adding selection gives
The population modifies its own transition operator.
19Interacting populations
Let be a finite set of population classes. For every , let be its semantic state space. The joint population object is
A joint state is .
20Coupled fitness fields
Definition20.1Coupled fitness and mutation
For each population , let
The fitness of a state in population may depend on all populations simultaneously. Likewise let
21Coupled evolutionary operator
Define
The full coupled operator is
so .
22Pairwise multi-population games
Suppose population has states . Let be the payoff to type in population from interacting with type in population . Then
Mean payoff within population is
23Coupled replicator equations
The continuous dynamics becomes
With mutation,
Theorem23.1Separate population normalization
For every , the condition is invariant.
For each fixed , the replicator contribution sums to . The mutation generator satisfies . Hence
24Environment as a dynamical object
So far has been treated parametrically. Let
be an environmental update. The closed coupled system is
given by
A closed equilibrium is a pair satisfying
This is a simultaneous population–environment fixed point.
25Open evolutionary systems
Instead of closing the environment internally, one can expose it as an interface. Let denote a system with forward state type and backward feedback type .
26Stochastic lenses
Definition26.1Stochastic lens
A stochastic lens consists of a forward map
and a stochastic backward update
The forward map exposes an observable output. The backward kernel propagates downstream feedback back into the upstream state or control variable.
27Identity stochastic lens
The identity on has forward part and backward kernel .
28Composition of stochastic lenses
Let and . The composite has forward part
For a backward feedback , first sample
and then sample
Hence the backward kernel is
More invariantly, this is Kleisli composition using the strength of the commutative probability monad.
Theorem28.1Associativity
Composition of stochastic lenses is associative up to the canonical coherence of the probability monad.
The forward components compose associatively because morphism composition does. The backward components compose by iterated Kleisli integration. Associativity therefore follows from associativity of the monad multiplication .
Stochastic lenses form a category, or an appropriate ∞-categorical enhancement when higher morphisms are retained.
29Evolution as a stochastic lens
Take . Suppose a population exposes an observable . The environment returns a fitness or interaction signal . An evolutionary response kernel has the form
Then
is a stochastic evolutionary lens. If the evolutionary update is deterministic, the backward kernel is .
30Feedback closure
Suppose an environment lens converts the exposed population observable into a fitness signal. Composing the population and environment lenses closes the loop
Population, environment, fitness signal, and then the population update.
Endogenous fitness is a feedback phenomenon. The equation is the algebraic shadow of this closed interaction.
31Open evolutionary games
Definition31.1Evolutionary open game
An evolutionary open game consists of:
- a semantic strategy object ;
- a population object ;
- an environment interface ;
- a payoff field ;
- an evolutionary response operator .
The payoff field need not itself prescribe the update. Different evolutionary rules may act on the same game.
32Best-response correspondence
For fixed , define
In a homotopical setting, should more properly be treated as a subobject or correspondence rather than an ordinary set.
Definition32.1Nash population
A population is a Nash population at environment if
Every semantic strategy represented with nonzero population weight must be a best response to the current population.
33Interior replicator equilibria and Nash equilibrium
Theorem33.1Interior equilibria are Nash
For a finite symmetric population game, every interior equilibrium of the pure replicator equation is a Nash equilibrium.
By Theorem 13.1, for every . Since is interior, every pure strategy appears in its support. Hence every pure strategy obtains exactly the same payoff, every pure strategy is a best response, and .
34Evolutionary dynamics versus rational optimization
The framework distinguishes two maps:
and
The first is an optimization correspondence. The second is a population dynamical law. Replicator dynamics need not jump to best responses. It continuously amplifies strategies according to relative payoff.
A game equilibrium is not an evolutionary update rule.
The two become linked through equilibrium theorems, not by definition.
35Observer-relative games
Let be a capability-relative semantic quotient. Suppose microscopic interaction payoff is
A closed game exists on only if the payoff descends: there is with
If this fails, two states indistinguishable to the observer may nevertheless have different interaction consequences. The coarse observer then does not possess a closed game description.
36Game-theoretic lumpability
Definition36.1Strategic lumpability
A semantic quotient is strategically lumpable if payoff factors through , mutation and transmission are -lumpable, and environmental coupling factors through the coarse state. Under these conditions, the observer-relative population dynamics on closes autonomously.
Theorem36.2Observer-relative evolutionary closure
If is strategically lumpable, then there exists an induced evolutionary game on whose population trajectory is exactly the pushforward of the microscopic trajectory:
Payoff factorization implies that the induced fitness depends only on the coarse state. Kernel lumpability implies that stochastic transmission commutes with . Environmental factorization ensures that feedback signals are also determined by the coarse population. The coarse-graining theorem for replicator–mutator dynamics therefore applies at every feedback step.
37Failure of strategic lumpability
If strategic lumpability fails, coarse population state is not sufficient to predict its own future. One must augment the state with hidden variables. Formally, if
but
then no map can satisfy
for all microscopic states. The observer’s coarse semantics is dynamically incomplete.
38Memory from hidden semantic variables
One can repair non-Markovian coarse dynamics by enlarging the observed state. Suppose
records additional hidden semantic information. Replace by
If the enlarged quotient is lumpable, then is a sufficient state representation. This yields a formal criterion for semantic state augmentation:
Add enough hidden structure until the dynamics closes.
39Higher-order frequency dependence
Pairwise interaction is not essential. Let
Define
Total payoff may be
This is the stochastic-population analogue of the earlier operadic theory. Fitness can depend on genuinely multi-agent semantic interactions rather than only pairwise games.
40Polynomial interaction laws
An even more categorical formulation uses a polynomial
Each operation specifies a finite interaction pattern. Given a population , one samples inputs according to the corresponding fibers , evaluates their interaction, and produces a fitness contribution. Polynomial functors specify the combinatorial shape of interactions, while the probability monad integrates over randomly sampled participants.
Polynomial interaction together with probability yields endogenous fitness.
41Operadic game interaction
If is an ∞-operad of interaction forms, one may assign to a payoff map . The population-level expected payoff is obtained by integrating the other arguments against :
Operadic recombination and evolutionary game interaction can be encoded by the same arity structure.
42Endogenous semantic fidelity
Semantic fidelity relative to the class , in the exogenous theory, was . With endogenous transmission,
Replication fidelity itself becomes frequency dependent. A meme may copy accurately when rare and inaccurately when common, or conversely.
43Effective endogenous reproduction number
Define
This quantity measures expected production of descendants that remain in the same observer-relative semantic class. Unlike a fixed reproduction number, changes with the population itself.
44Frequency-dependent semantic selection
Suppose two semantic classes and satisfy
for one population state, but
for another. Then there is no absolute fitness ordering between and . Fitness is relational: a property of a state relative to a population and an environment. This is the categorical analogue of frequency-dependent selection.
45Nonlinear categorical dynamics
The exogenous theory had, for a fixed positive operator ,
The endogenous theory has
The underlying geometry is not projective linear dynamics but a nonlinear self-map of the probability object. Equilibria solve
46Linearization around equilibrium
Let for fixed . At an equilibrium , local stability is controlled by the derivative . If denotes the tangent space of normalized perturbations, then infinitesimal perturbations evolve by
Definition46.1Local asymptotic stability
The equilibrium is linearly asymptotically stable if the spectral radius of
is less than 1 in discrete time. For continuous time, stability requires the relevant eigenvalues of the Jacobian to have negative real part. Second-order structure re-enters through the derivative of the population-dependent fitness field.
47Feedback derivatives
Since , the derivative of the evolutionary operator contains two contributions:
The direct term changes population frequencies while holding the fitness field fixed. The feedback term arises because perturbing changes and potentially . This term has no analogue in a fixed-fitness linear transfer system.
48Second-order interaction structure
For a finite game with payoff field , define
Then measures how increasing population type changes the reproductive payoff of type . For the linear game , one has . For nonlinear interaction games, measures how those interaction effects themselves change with population composition. Higher derivatives classify increasingly high-order ecological or memetic feedback.
49Stochastic-lens interpretation of endogenous fitness
The complete feedback structure can be written schematically as
Closing the interfaces gives
The endogenous nonlinear map is the closed semantics of an open stochastic system. Lens-like semantics is natural here because forward behavior and backward feedback are separate components before the system is closed.
50Main theorem
Theorem50.1Endogenous memetic evolution theorem
Let be equipped with a compatible probability monad . Let , and suppose given
and
Then:
- (i) The formuladefines a normalized nonlinear evolutionary operator. See Sections 4–5.
- (ii) Equilibria are precisely solutions of . See Theorem 6.2.
- (iii) Changes in any observable satisfy the generalized Price equation. See Theorem 7.1.
- (iv) Pairwise linear interaction generatesSee Sections 8–11.
- (v) For symmetric , mean payoff is nondecreasing:See Theorem 15.1.
- (vi) Multiple semantic populations admit coupled replicator systems. See Sections 19–23.
- (vii) Population–environment feedback is the closure of an open stochastic system. See Sections 24–30.
- (viii) Stochastic lenses compose such open systems associatively. See Theorem 28.1.
- (ix) A semantic quotient inherits an autonomous evolutionary game precisely when payoff, mutation, and environment interactions descend through that quotient. See Theorem 36.2.
- (x) Failure of such descent produces hidden-state dependence and generally non-Markovian observer-relative dynamics. See Sections 37–38.
Statements (i)–(x) are established in Sections 4–6, Theorem 7.1, Sections 8–17, Sections 19–23, Sections 24–30, Theorem 28.1, and Sections 35–38.
51Full specification
The endogenous theory is summarized by
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Fine memetic realizations. | |
| Observer-relative semantics. | |
| Semantic population space. | |
| Environment. | |
| Endogenous fitness. | |
| Endogenous stochastic transmission. | |
| Nonlinear population evolution. |
The fundamental equation is
If the environment also evolves,
52Conceptual synthesis
The earlier fixed-fitness theory treated the memetic environment as external:
The endogenous theory closes the feedback loop:
The population constructs part of its own selective environment. For pairwise interaction,
and consequently
This turns memetic evolution from a linear transmission problem into a feedback game.
The stochastic-lens perspective separates the open interfaces: observation and feedback. The evolutionary-game perspective supplies interaction, then payoff, then relative reproduction. The ∞-topos layer determines which distinctions count as semantic distinctions for a given cognitive architecture. The probability monad determines stochastic inheritance. The game determines frequency-dependent fitness. The lens structure determines how open components are coupled.
Observer-relative stochastic game dynamics with feedback.
Equivalently, endogenous memetic evolution.
The theory no longer assigns a meme an absolute reproductive fitness. Fitness is a relational functional
and replication occurs within the nonlinear closed loop generated by that functional.